Time 55 minutes materials whole class 2 lb package of spaghetti individual h1 richter scale handout. Since a level two earthquake is 10 times bigger than a level 1 earthquake, it will also be 10 times bigger in terms of seconds 1x10 seconds or 10 seconds. An example of a handout to accompany an excellent earthquake video nova series earthquake. We will be using data from reports of an earthquake that struck california in 1989 and the modified mercalli scale of intensity to see where it might have originated from. It can be seen from the maps above that most earthquakes occur at plate boundaries. Shake, rattle, and roll earthquakes the modified mercalli intensity scale the effect of an earthquake on the earths surface is called the intensity. Taken from a leaflet published by the japan meteorological agency. Distribute the wattsville map handout to each student and one kwat. An earthquake causes many different intensities of shaking in the area of the epicenter where it occurs. As well, local and widespread earthquake effects will be presented.
Measuring earthquake intensity in pounds per square foot to t 0. Mar 24, 2020 earthquake, any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through earths rocks. Distribute the wattsville map handout to each student and one kwat television script card to each student. Earth science earthquakes, volcanoes and plate tectonics file. Discuss the primary difference between using intensity and magnitude to characterize earthquake energy. Foreword to the second edition the original earthquakes a teachers package for k6. A homework assignment is included in the attached handouts.
Richter scale handout magnitude of the richter scale activity richter scale handout richter scale level x level 1 1 2 10 x level 1 3 100 x level 1 4 1,000 x level 1 5 10,000 x level 1 6 100,000 x level 1 7 1,000,000 x level 1 8 10,000,000 x level 1 9 100,000,000 x level 1 frequency of earthquakes at different magnitudes richter scale level. Usgs earthquake hazards program, responsible for monitoring, reporting, and researching earthquakes and earthquake hazards. Intensity is a measure of an earthquake determined from the observed effects, especially damage. Handout primarily discussing the modified mercalli scale. Sp23 earthquake basics the delaware geological survey.
The intensity scale consists of a series of certain key responses such as people awakening, movement of furniture, damage to chimneys, and finally total destruction. Felt indoors by many, outdoors by few during the day. Fema 159 was developed as a joint effort of the federal emergency management agency fema and the national science teachers association nsta under contract with fema. Magnitudes are usually determined from measurements of an earthquakes seismic waves as recorded on a seismogram. The first measuring tool invented for earthquakes was the seismic intensity scale. Recommended earthquake safety actions federal, state, and local emergency management experts and other official preparedness organizations all agree that drop, cover, and hold on is the appropriate action to reduce injury and death during earthquakes.
Measuring earthquake intensity in pounds per square foot. Earthquake intensity has been quantified using the modified mercalli intensity scale that is based on the amount of vibration people feel during lowmagnitude earthquakes and the extent of damage to buildings during highmagnitude quakes see the mercalli scale in table at the back of this handout. Magnitude is related to the amount of seismic energy released at the epicenter of the earthquake. Earthquake magnitude, intensity, energy, and acceleration by. The earthquake simulation script is based on an intensity of vi on the modified mercalli scale. Learn earthquake intensity with free interactive flashcards. A measure of intensity earthquake intensity is a measure of the effects of an earthquake at a particular place. Emphasize that the shape and construction of a building are important factors. The richter magnitude scale measures the amount of seismic energy released by an earthquake.
The intensity of an earthquake depends on where the earthquake occurs, how. Eighth grade lesson earthquakes day 12 betterlesson. It is determined from observations of an earthquake s effects on people, structures, and the earths surface. Earthquake scenarios describe the expected ground motions and effects of specific hypothetical large earthquakes. Clearly, the severity of shaking is much higher near the epicenter than farther away.
For a given earthquake, intensity normally decreases with distance from the epicentre. A seismograph is a device that measures ground motion or actually the amplitude of ground movement or oscillation. Earthquake intensity definition and meaning collins english. At the first indication of ground shaking, crouch under a desk or table, tuck your head, and.
Sometimes earthquakes are referred to by the maximum intensity they produce. The richter magnitude scale measures the amount of seismic energy released by an earthquake when an earthquake occurs, its magnitude can be given a single numerical. Earthquake intensity mustafa fahmi hasanmustafa mohammed rashid 2011 november 2. Earthquake and seismic intensity information locationmagnitude and regions with seismic intensity of 3 or greater. Helps students understnad difference between magnitude and intensity. Over the course of geological time, earthquakes, floods, and other natural events have helped to shape the surface of our planet. Intensity scales, like the modified mercalli scale and the rossiforel scale, measure the amount of shaking at a particular location.
Choose from 69 different sets of earthquake intensity flashcards on quizlet. Locating earthquakes using latitude and longitude, tohoku 2011 fact file, earthquake crossword, earthquake vocabulary. Risk, detection, warning, and research congressional research service summary portions of all 50 states and the district of columbia are vulnerable to earthquake hazards, although risks vary greatly across the country and within individual states. Intensity is determined from observations of an earthquakes effects on people, structures, and the earths surface. Google earthkml files for earthquakes, faults, and other special studies. Learn more about the causes and effects of earthquakes in this article. Clearly, the severity of shaking is much higher near the epicenter than farther. I seismic intensity on the modified mercalli scale of. Suggestions for effective use of earthquake videotapes in classroom teaching. Earthquakes the map on the left shows the global distribution of earthquakes and the map on the right shows the worlds tectonic plates and their boundaries.
Shake, rattle, and roll ualr arkansas earthquake center. A comprehensive range of earthquake worksheets to support 12 different earthquake activities to help learning all about earthquakes. Intensity scale it manifests the degree of damage, which gets diminished as we go away from the main shock source zone and the reverse is also true5. Mar 10, 2019 the first measuring tool invented for earthquakes was the seismic intensity scale. It measures the effects of an earthquake at a given location, distinguished from the earthquakes inherent force or strength as measured by seismic magnitude scales such as the. Use this information to answer the following questions on the sample handout. The modified mercalli intensity scale mm or mmi, descended from giuseppe mercallis mercalli intensity scale of 1902, is a seismic intensity scale used for measuring the intensity of shaking produced by an earthquake. On the other hand, intensity is an indicator of the severity of shaking generated at a given location.
Earthquake size is a quantitative measure of the size of the earthquake at its source. This exercise uses the example of the march 28, 2014 m5. Have your students read through the earthquake pages and encourage them to click on the links to examine the various pictures about earthquakes. Earthquake intensity is a measure of the effects of an earthquake at a particular place. What is the difference between magnitude and intensity. Students will be able to identify the intensity of an earthquake based on the richter. Magnitude of the richter scale activity teachengineering. These are distinguished from seismic intensity scales that categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking quaking caused by an earthquake at a given location. For exercise i, each group will construct a simple shaker table. Ask students to talk to a partner about the increase in damage. This means that the magnitude of the earthquake is a single value for a given earthquake. The observations can then be compiled to make macroseismic maps showing lines of equal intensity. Definition of an earthquake an earthquake also known as a quake, tremor or temblor is the result of a sudden release of energy. Please refer to attached resource in the lesson introduction for the.
Earthquake shaking building contest and shake table testing. A study based on bam earthquake at 26 december 2003 showed preearthquake thermal anomalies before the earthquake through analyzing noaaavhrr data choudhury et. Definition of an earthquake an earthquake also known as a quake, tremor or temblor is the result of a sudden release of energy in the earths crust that creates sei. Earthquake intensity british geological survey bgs. Display two pictures of damage caused by an earthquake at a 5. Magnitude is determined by the logarithm of the amplitude of ground oscillations recorded by seismographs. There are several earthquake intensity scales, which can be referred from the relevant pages. Intensity is determined from observations of an earthquake s effects on people, structures, and the earths surface.
Earthquake, any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through earths rocks. Risk, detection, warning, and research congressional research service 3 figure 1 also shows relatively high earthquake hazard in the rocky mountain region, portions of the eastern seaboardparticularly south carolinaand a part of the central united states known. Q12 are seismic intensity and earthquake magnitude different. Defining an earthquake defining an earthquake an earthquake is a natural occurrence, like rain. Earthquakes affect almost every part of the earth and like rain they can be either mild or catastrophic. Mmi quantifies the effects of an earthquake on the earths surface, humans, objects of nature, and manmade structures. As an example, the great alaska earthquake of 1964 was a 9. Richter scale handout magnitude of the richter scale activity richter scale handout richter scale level x level 1 1 2 10 x level 1 3 100 x level 1.
When this stress becomes great enough to rupture the crust, or to overcome the friction that prevents one block of crust from slipping past another, energy is released, some of it in the form of various kinds of seismic waves that cause groundshaking, or quaking. Students will examine seismic waveforms recording during the earthquake, as well as read reports from scientific agencies and news outlets to answer basic questions regarding earthquake risk and resilience. The intensity or destructive power of an earthquake is an evaluation of the severity of ground motion at a given location. Earthquake simulation and evacuation drill during an earthquake, the most important thing for any child or adult to remember is the drop, cover, and hold drill. Aisc night school fundamentals of earthquake engineering for. What is the ratio of energy release from a magnitude 5 earthquake compared to a magnitude 6. This is a rough numerical scale to describe how severe an earthquake is in the place where youre standinghow bad it is on a scale of 1 to 10. A study based on bam earthquake at 26 december 2003 showed pre earthquake thermal anomalies before the earthquake through analyzing noaaavhrr data choudhury et al. The intensity of an earthquake varies by sites, and is not totally determined by its magnitude.
Engage 10 minutes the severity of an earthquake can be expressed in terms of magnitude. It is measured in relation to the effects of the earthquake on human life. Learning earthquake tip 3 earthquake design and construction. Seismology and earthquake effects february 24, 2014 this lecture discusses plate tectonics as the source of seismic energy release and addresses earthquake m easures and the concepts of magnitude and intensity. Seismic magnitude scales are used to describe the overall strength or size of an earthquake. E energy radiated in elastic waves ergs h hypocentral depth km. Aisc night school fundamentals of earthquake engineering. Free earthquake worksheets for use when learning all about. Helps students understnad difference between magnitude and intensity locations of earthquake epicenters on earth map here are a few nice usgs maps that might be useful.
The seismic scale most commonly used in the united states is the mercalli intensity scale mmi. Be sure you have an application to open this file type before downloading. For a printable pdf copy of the sample handout you can give your students, click below. Earthquake magnitude, intensity, energy, and acceleration 107 be about 16 kin. Generally destruction is described in terms of damage caused to. The severity of earthquake shaking is assessed using a descriptive scale the modified mercalli intensity scale. In the first part of this twoday lesson, i have a hook to give students a glimpse into the destructive power of earthquakes. Earthquake intensity definition and meaning collins. Explain the factors that contribute to earthquake damage.
Comparison of magnitude, intensity, and energy equivalent for earthquakes. Measuring earthquake intensities using seismic scales. So the intensity of an earthquake will vary depending on where you are. Level earthquake impact description i people cannot feel it, but it can be recorded.
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